AI visibility
Our guides and studies on visibility in AI answers: how the engines choose the names they cite, and the levers that move those answers.
Study
Across six AI engines, the ten most cited domains take 15.5% to 27.1% of each engine's citations: answers draw on a broad web, and each engine keeps its own source profile. Measured on 556 answers, September 23 to October 19, 2026.
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Asked the same question on the same day, two AI engines share 7.3% of their cited sources on average, and ChatGPT at most 3.5% with each of the other five. Measured on 2,847 answers, August 15 to September 21, 2026.
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Between August 10 and 17, 2026, Perplexity stopped citing YouTube videos: from 61.5% of its sourced answers to 0.7%, on the same questions, in six languages. On the model Google now serves to the public, youtube.com became the source Gemini cites most. What changed, what held, and where a video still reaches AI answers.
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Before an AI can recommend a company, it has to know which one it is. What the Wikidata item, the sameAs property and your profiles connect, why the link has to run both ways, and the example of Simafri, recorded before and after 14 September 2026.
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On 3 August 2026 we put to AI engines eighteen questions business owners ask about them, three times each: 324 answers. Asked about a single place to submit your information, they almost all say there is none. All of them send you to the web: your own website first, then a short list of places run by others, which changes from one AI to the next.
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Search optimisation teaches the numbered title, AI optimisation teaches the question title. Neither holds: among the pages an engine had in front of it, a number at the head of the title measures an odds ratio of 1.02 and a question mark 1.10. What decides is the match between the shape of the title and the shape of the question, and that match flips the sign: a superlative title is cited 24% of the time on a "how" question and 57% on a ranking question. Measured on 4,791 answers from six engines, 6 July to 2 September 2026.
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A month ago, the gap between the AI engine that names the most sources and the one that names the fewest ran from 1 to 5.6. It now runs from 1 to 5.7, and no engine changed rank. Underneath, Perplexity gained four sources per answer and Gemini stopped citing in one answer out of six. Measured on 3,705 answers between 2 and 31 August 2026.
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The same twelve buying questions, put to ChatGPT, Claude and Perplexity on the same day, do not return the same market. Salesflare, Nutshell, OnePageCRM, Insightly, NetHunt and EngageBay take 4 to 10% of the answers on Claude and Perplexity, and 0% on ChatGPT. The cited sources say why: ChatGPT reads the large vendors' own sites, Claude reads the independents' blogs, Perplexity reads Reddit. Measured on 108 answers on 2 September 2026.
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Second wave, 3,849 answers archived between 1 and 29 August 2026 across six AI engines. reddit.com moves from 102nd to 11th on ChatGPT, takes the top spot on Perplexity, holds first on Gemini and stays at zero on Claude. What moved, by how much, and the licensing and court record dated alongside it.
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Twelve buying questions about AI phone assistants, put to ChatGPT, Claude and Perplexity on 26 August 2026: 36 answers, 366 citations, 168 domains. All of it is traceable, right up to the moment the prospect picks up the phone. What is visible before, what the call carries over, and the one field that survives it.
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Profound publishes one answer engine at $99 a month and three at $399, with nine on the tier priced on request. What the twenty-four tools the engines name publish at the same money, read on 2026-08-18.
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Which sources do the engines lean on when they answer your market? The tools that analyse AI citations, compared on published facts, read on 2026-08-18, with a worked example per engine.
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A tracking series is worth what it keeps. The tools that track LLM mentions, compared on what each vendor publishes about retention, coverage and price, read on 2026-08-18.
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Generative engine optimization is a measurement you keep, so the pricing model decides before the feature list. Subscriptions and prepaid usage compared on published facts, read on 2026-08-18.
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The AEO tools the engines themselves name, compared on published facts: entry price, answer engines covered, raw answer traceability, API and MCP access. Read on 2026-08-18, selection measured on our panels.
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Asked the same question on the same day, two AI engines share 6.4% of their cited sources on average, and no pair of the six reaches 13%. Measured on 2,883 answers, July 27 to August 14, 2026.
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Ads have run in ChatGPT since February 2026, across Europe since late August and in Southeast Asia and Taiwan since late September, on the Free and Go plans. Where the slot sits, how one ad is chosen over another, how the auction prices it, what it is not allowed to touch, and what advertisers have published about running it.
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Nobody at an AI lab hand-picks websites. A shared crawl, documented filters, deduplication, licensing deals and sampling weights decide. What each stage keeps, what it drops, and what that implies for the way you publish.
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Twelve entities sorted by how much independent coverage exists about them, put to six AI engines on 6 August 2026 with a neutral question and an adversarial one: 144 answers. Every thickly covered entity drew criticism unprompted. On thinly covered names the criticism that comes back belongs to somebody else, sourced and stable.
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Five recommendation questions put on 2 August 2026 to the AI engines that search the web: 225 answers, 1,813 cited sources, 264 domains. The professional's own site holds 61.9% of them, the directory 30.4%, the press 6.0% and the social network 1.7%. The breakdown by trade, and the domain classification method.
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An answer from one AI engine names 13 sources. An answer from another names 2. Between the two sits a factor of 5.6, and two numbers explain all of it: AI Coverage, how often an engine cites anyone at all, and AI Density, how many it names when it does. Measured on 1,949 answers between 6 July and 1 August 2026.
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The Model Context Protocol dropped its handshake on 28 July 2026. What the revision removes, what replaces it, the requirements that fail quietly, and a checklist to run against your own server.
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Across 204 answers from six AI engines to 20 category-discovery questions in leisure travel, 1,943 cited sources partition mechanically: 19.5% are the site of a professional the answer ranks, 80.4% are third parties. The 397 third-party domains, named and counted.
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Across 1,427 archived answers, reddit.com tops Gemini's citations, ranks second on Perplexity, 102nd on ChatGPT and never appears on Claude. The measured map, and the licensing, robots.txt and court record behind it.
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Connect Claude to your AI visibility data and it becomes your GEO analyst: it reads your series engine by engine, quotes the answers behind a number, and turns a week of measurement into actions. The setup is one connection; the questions are ready to ask.
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The half of AI visibility you do not write yourself: what a corroboration is, the families of sources you can obtain, how to weigh listening against obtainability, and how to date what you win. Measured on 923 archived AI answers.
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Twenty-four AI visibility platforms side by side: pricing model, entry price, engines named, API and MCP access, raw answer traceability. Every line is sourced from the vendor's own pages, read on 2026-08-18, and the selection is measured on our panels.
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923 archived answers, four engines, 2,049 domains cited: the web AI answers stand on is far more open than assumed, and each engine trusts a different profile of sites. Measured in July 2026.
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Generative engines learn who you are from co-occurrence, not from hyperlinks: an unlinked corroboration already moves their answers. What the 2024-2026 studies, the engines' documented pipelines and our own surveys show, and what the link still buys, door by door.
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Across 883 answers archived between July 10 and 24, 2026, youtube.com is the most cited source on Gemini and on Perplexity, and absent from 1,655 citations on the other engines. What part of a video the engines read, and what that makes worth doing.
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For two years, AI assistants leaned on classic search indexes, so ranking well meant being visible in AI answers. That proxy is breaking: each assistant now assembles its own retrieval pipeline. Where AI answers come from in 2026, and what it changes.
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ChatGPT does not prefer your competitors: it assembles answers from sources where they are more visible than you. Here is what actually happens, and how to check it.
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GEO is the practice of making a business visible in AI-generated answers (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Perplexity), the way SEO targets search results. Definition, synonyms, and how it is measured.
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